​There are several important components to regenerative farming but for the sake of simplicity, I will cover two of the main principles; no- till farming and regenerative grazing. No-till farming is a means of farming that aims to greatly reduce the overall disturbance of the soil throughout farmed fields. The implementation of cover crops is crucial in this process to help restore and maintain vital soil structure and encourage robust crop growth, all while reducing erosion and preventing excess sedimentation into the nearby watershed. It achieves this in several ways. The roots of the cover crops function to break up compacted soil. Worms and other biological components of the soil, that otherwise would have been greatly diminished in conventionally plowed fields, help to aerate the soil and provide crucial structure that allows efficient nutrient uptake for the crops. The omission of excessive chemical fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides further encourage the robust biologic activity of the soil which continues to benefit the crops long-term growth and helps maintain biodiversity. This biodiversity and healthy soil structure contribute greatly to growing resilient crops that can better withstand pests and disease without the need to chemically inoculate the plant. 

Regenerative grazing, whereby cattle rotationally graze on sections of grasses throughout a pasture, has shown to be a very effective means of sustainability. Rotational grazing allows portions of previously grazed grass to properly recover as the herd moves onto a new section of the pasture. This concept aims to limit overgrazing and desertification, which can lead to excess soil loss and sedimentation into the nearby watershed.  Soil health is restored as the cattle move throughout the pasture and trample the non-eaten grasses, creating areas of minor disturbance that work to incorporate organic matter into the soil and significantly reduce the overall carbon footprint of the cattle-raising process.

​Slowly but surely, we have begun to reintroduce components of regenerative farming back into our lives as the concerns over the environment and human health take center stage. With continued efforts and increased awareness, I believe aspects of regenerative farming will continue to grow and demand our attention to ensure a healthier, more sustainable future. 

Why Leaving the Leaves Helps Early Spring Pollinators
As the weather warms and the sun lingers a little longer each day, it’s tempting to head outside, grab the rake, and start cleaning up the yard. After all, a tidy landscape feels like a fresh start. But before you clear away those leaf piles and garden debris, take a moment to consider who might still be resting underneath.​

​Improve Water Quality: As water moves across a landscape, it will drain towards lower areas. These areas are often streams and rivers. The riparian zone helps filter the pollution, sediment, and excess nutrients that the water picks up along its journey from entering the streams.

•  Flood Control: Riparian zones can help slow down water. Vegetation can soak up excess water preventing, minimizing, or delaying flooding.
• Wildlife Habitat: These zones are essential to a wide range of birds, mammals, amphibians, and fish. They provide water with shade and temperature regulations which can keep waters cool which is vital to many fish species. They also act as nursery grounds for many fish species.
• Carbon Sequestration: Riparian zones can absorb and store carbon dioxide, which helps us in the fight against climate change. 

​What are the threats that riparian zones face?
Despite their importance, riparian zones face numerous threats.

​How can we protect riparian zones?
Every person can play a role in protecting these vital ecosystems.

• Protect Riparian Zones On Your Property: Taking the initiative to plant native riparian vegetation in areas on your property along with limiting fertilizer and pesticide use will allow our neighborhood riparian zones to recover.
• Community Involvement: Join local environmental groups and support organizations that try to make a difference.
• Policy and Regulation: Use your voice to encourage local policymakers to make regulations with riparians in mind.

By understanding the importance of riparian zones and taking action to protect them, we can ensure a healthy planet for future generations.

​Did you know that some of our Northeastern Ohio frog friends appear to turn into frozen popsicles during the winter months? Yes, you read that right! Native Ohio tree frogs and one of our terrestrial frog species completely freeze their bodies during the harsh winter temperatures, with only their vital organs remaining unfrozen!  

As the air crisps and their little bodies begin to convert from frog flesh to frog popsicle, natural antifreeze works its way to vital organs for protection. Ice is formed in the extracellular spaces (outside the cells) while keeping ice from forming inside of the cells. These amphibian antifreeze agents are made up of cryoprotectants like glycerol, glucose, and urea that help hinder cellular and tissue damage caused by the ice. Tree and terrestrial frog freezers stay in this suspended animation of this freeze tolerance strategy where they experience reduced metabolism, helping to conserve energy during the cruel cold chill.
 
Temperatures begin to warm; the frog popsicle begins to slowly melt. While water drips back into the frog’s cells their metabolic processes slowly restart. The organs assume their normal duties, and finally when the frog’s heart beats again, it begins to magically move.  Sudden urges to stretch its long stiff legs and exercise its exhilarated and grateful voice rush throughout our frog friends. They are off to find a humbling new home and a heartwarming meal.
 
While you are out on your whimsical winter wanderings, pause for a second and think about our exquisite, ecologically essential Northeastern Ohio frogs that seem to be frozen in time. Create space in your mind to think about what creatures lie beneath the snow, waiting to “thaw” out when the weather warms up, and get excited about natures frog’s hop back to life – for love season is creeping around the corner!

!!CALL TO ACTION!! All readers- please share your frog sightings!
​
 iNaturalist is a citizen science app that helps observers collect flora and fauna data that is used by our local parks =) 

Kendra Heiser is the Furnace Run Watershed Coordinator at SSWCD. 

​When winter cloaks the land in its frosty embrace, most of us are thinking of the holidays filled with delicious food, drinks and gracious gift giving, but have you stopped to think about what salamanders do during the winter months? Most of us imagine salamanders tucked away, snuggled under layers of leaf litter or soil, dreaming of springtime ponds.  But the truth about these elusive creatures is a bit more enchanting than you might expect. These tiny amphibians don’t just disappear—they embark on a season of quiet magic, hidden from human eyes.

A Salamander’s Winter Lair
​
Picture this: Under the snow-dusted forest floor, a tiny Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) snoozes in its cozy burrow, curled like a comma in a sentence of compassion. It’s shiny black skin, adorned with bright yellow spots, is almost too glamorous for the subterranean world it calls home. Salamanders are master burrowers, spending their winters in underground hideaways, sometimes sharing their space with earthworms or the occasional mouse.
But these aren’t just ordinary holes in the ground; they’re salamander sanctuaries! The soil stays warmer than the icy air above, offering a perfect retreat from winter’s harshness. Beneath your boots on a snowy hike, these little critters are quietly living out their frosty fairy tale.

Photo: Vernal Pool Association
​
Now, picture this: In the hush of winter, when the world above is frosted in silver and white, stream salamanders weave a slow-moving magic beneath their icy, watery homes. Common stream dwellers like the northern dusky salamander (Desmognathus fuscus) and the northern two-lined salamander (Eurycea bislineata) rely on cutaneous respiration, breathing through their skin in a delicate exchange with the water around them. Adults may choose to burrow in the slippery stream banks while their larvae overwinter in deep pools that don’t freeze fully. Winter’s chill may slow their movements, but the colder water holds more dissolved oxygen, drawing life from the oxygen-rich current. 

slumber, brumation is more of a dreamy doze where salamanders tucked into leafy blankets and curled into secret chambers are suspended in stillness, waiting, half-awake, for the sun’s warm hand to nudge them back into the world of the vibrant rush of spring.
Why Care About Winter Salamanders?
It’s easy to overlook these pint-sized residents of Northeast Ohio’s forests and streams, but salamanders are vital to the ecosystem. They help control insect populations and serve as a key link in the food chain. Plus, their mysterious lives add a sprinkle of wonder to our winter worlds.
So, the next time you’re trudging through the snow on a gray February day, pause for a moment. Beneath your feet, a salamander might be dreaming of moonlit ponds, and the orchestra of spring peepers. Let’s raise an imaginary mug of hot cocoa to these magical, miniature creatures of winter. They remind us that even in the coldest, darkest months, life hums along in secret, spinning stories of resilience and wonder.
​

Kendra Heiser is the Furnace Run Watershed Coordinator at SSWCD.

​As winter settles in, the challenges to maintaining healthy watersheds shift along with the season. Snow and ice may blanket our landscapes, but that doesn’t mean our efforts to protect water quality and natural ecosystems should pause. In fact, winter is a critical time to take steps that will benefit our local streams, rivers, and lakes.
Here are some ways you can help maintain watershed health during the colder months.

​Why It Matters
Healthy watersheds provide clean drinking water, support wildlife, and protect against flooding. The actions we take during winter—small though they may seem—play a big role in maintaining the integrity of these ecosystems.
By making conscious choices about how we manage snow, salt, soil, and water use, we can ensure that our watersheds remain resilient through the winter and beyond. Together, let’s keep our rivers, streams, and lakes thriving for generations to come.